Cannabis, factors affecting it and treatment of diseases in humans

Abstract

Cannabis sativa L. is spreading as a specialty crop. This diploid plant from Central Asia contains various phytochemical compounds and secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites include cannabinoids, flavonoids, terpenoids, stilbenoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and lignans. Despite the presence of numerous psychoactive substances in the plant, it is required as a very important agricultural crop for fiber and medicinal purposes, and in many countries the cultivation and use of the plant for medicinal purposes is legal. Therefore, ecological identifications of this valuable plant and knowledge of its phytochemical compounds can be considered. Hemp also has many medicinal properties, and studies show that its derivatives can have beneficial effects on the treatment and improvement of some diseases. This review article discusses the cultivation techniques, the biosynthetic pathways of the secondary metabolites present in this plant, and the factors that influence the reduction or increase of its medicinal properties