Calvarial bone augmentation using Bioglas Scaffold enhanced by Platelet-Rich Plasma and BMP2

Abstract

Calvarial bone defects are a common problem in craniofacial surgery. The use of autologous bone grafts is the gold standard for reconstruction, but it has limitations such as donor site morbidity and limited availability. Bioglass scaffolds have been used as an alternative to autologous bone grafts due to their osteoconductive properties. However, their use alone has shown limited success in calvarial bone augmentation. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) have been used to enhance bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining Bioglass scaffolds with PRP and BMP2 for calvarial bone augmentation in a rat model. The results showed that the combination of Bioglass scaffolds with PRP and BMP2 significantly increased new bone formation compared to the control group. The histological analysis also showed that the newly formed bone had a similar structure to native bone. Therefore, the combination of Bioglass scaffolds with PRP and BMP2 could be a promising approach for calvarial bone augmentation in craniofacial surgery.