ADIPOSE DERIVED STEM Cells: Revolutionizing Modern dentistry
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) offer a promising biological alternative to conventional dental prostheses and implants. Easily obtained via minimally invasive liposuction, ADSCs possess abundant availability, multipotency, and low immunogenicity—particularly in autologous applications. Preclinical and emerging clinical studies demonstrate their potential in periodontal regeneration, dentin–pulp complex restoration, and bone augmentation for dental implants. ADSCs can differentiate into odontoblasts, osteoblasts, and other dental-relevant cell types when combined with appropriate scaffolds, growth factors, and bioengineering techniques such as 3D bioprinting. A proposed regenerative workflow includes ADSC harvesting, odontogenic induction, scaffold fabrication, cell seeding, and in vivo implantation to enable vascularized, functional tooth structures. Challenges remain, including protocol standardization, safety validation, and regulatory approval. Nevertheless, ADSCs represent a paradigm shift in dentistry—from repair with inert materials to true biological regeneration—paving the way for future therapies that restore lost oral tissues with living, functional replacements.
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